主讲：魏训刚
1. used to
① 其后接动词原形，表示过去常常，含现已不再如此的意思。
   He used to play basketball after school.
② 其否定和疑问形式有两种。
Did he use to smoke? = Used he to smoke?
 He usedn’t to smoke. =He didn’t use to smoke.
注意：其反意问句一般用didn’t 构成。
They used to go to school on foot, didn’t they?
拓展：
    ①be/become/get used to   
       习惯于(做)某事, 后接动名词。
    She is used to living here.
    Tom used to be an honest boy, but now he is used to telling lies.
  
    ② be used to do sth.被用来做某事
    The computer is used to control the car.       
2. play  the piano    演奏钢琴
    在表示演奏乐器时，其前需加定冠词the。表示“踢、打（球）、打（牌）、下（象棋）”等运动及娱乐项目时则不用冠词。
    play cards, play football
3. be interested in (doing) sth.
    他对数学感兴趣，但对说英语不感兴趣。
    He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking English.
interesting / interested
• interesting表示某事物很有趣，主语多为物。
interested指人对某事物感兴趣，主语通常为人；
 4. still adv.
     她仍然是个学生。
      She is still a student.
      我仍然相信他是个好人。
      I still  believe he is a good man.
     总结：still的位置在助动词、系动词之后，主动词之前。
5. be terrified of (doing) sth.
你害怕蛇吗？
Are you terrified of snakes?
她害怕在一群人面前说话。
She is terrified of speaking in front of a group.
6.  on adj. （灯等）开着的；接通的；（机器等）工作着的

We left all the lights on.
The TV is on, but nobody seems to be watching it.
What time is Animal World on?
其反义词为off。
Make sure all the lights are off.
7. cost/take/spend/pay
都表示“花费”，但用法不同。
① cost表示“（某物）花费(钱）” ，其主语是物 。
用法指南：sth. cost (sb.) some money
如：
那本词典花了我30元。
The dictionary cost me 30 yuan.
It will cost you an arm and a leg.
② take主要指“（某事物）花费（时间），主语为物。
常用句型：
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
你完成这项工作将需要多长时间？
How long will it take you to finish the work?
这项工作将花费一周的时间。
The work will take a week.
为爸爸挑选生日礼物花了我几天时间。
It took me several days to find a present for my dad.
③ spend表示“（某人）花费（时间、钱）”，主语通常为人。
用法指南：
Sb. spend some money / time on sth.
Sb. spend some money / time (in) doing sth.
魏华经常在书上花很多钱。
Wei Hua often spends a lot of money on books.
他们花了两个小时寻找那只猫。
They spent two hours (in) looking for the cat.
④ pay表示“(人）支付”，主语是人。
常用搭配：pay for sth.
                  pay (sb.) money for sth
如：
买所有这些书，我应付给你多少钱？
How much should I pay you for all these books?　
你要付给我20元的午餐费。
You should pay me 20 yuan for your lunch.
8. worry about  worry为动词
    be worried about worried为形容词
我为我的女儿担心。
I worry about my daughter.
I’m worried about my daughter.
9. in the last/past few/three years
    在过去的几年/三年里，常与现在完成时连用。
I have written several books in the past five years.
在过去的三年里，他参观了很多中国的城市。
He has visited many cities in China in the past three years.
10. (w)h+to do结构
(w)h+to do结构用法同不定式相似，可在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。
如:
他不知道怎么处理这件事。
He doesn’t know how to deal with this.
我们不知道去哪儿。
We don’t know where to go.
他没有告诉汤姆什么时间开始。
He didn’t tell Tom when to start.
11. It seems that…
     看起来好象……
      看起来玛丽好象生约翰的气了。
      It seems that Mary is angry with John.
      看起来他昨晚没睡好。
      It seems that he didn’t have a good sleep last night.
      It seems to sb. that…在某人看来似乎
      It seems to me you don’t have much choice.
拓展： seem+ (to be) +n.
           seem+ (to be) adj.
           seem + to do
           seem like 看起来像是
It seems (to me) a foolish decision now. 
It seems (to be) the best solution. 
She seems happy.   
They seem to know what they are doing.
He can’t seem to stop coughing.  
It seemed like a good idea at that time.
12. fifteen-year-old
     注意：
   ① 数词和名词之间有连字符时，名词一律用单数。
   ② 这种结构一般只放在名词前作定语，不作表语。
        He is a fifteen-year-old boy.
        He is fifteen years old.
   ③ 这种结构的复数还可用作名词。
     Fifteen-year-olds like playing basketball.
13. afford  
用法点睛
  afford sth.
   afford to do sth.
He can’t afford such a big house.
We can’t afford to go on vacation this year.
How can she afford to eat out every night?
你认为我们能负担得起如此昂贵的车吗？
Do you  think we can afford such an expensive car?
14. patient  
用法点睛
  be patient with sb.对某人有耐心
Mary is a patient woman.
他的妈妈对他很有耐心。
His mother is very patient with him.
15. make a decision (to do sth.)决定做某事
他已下定决心戒酒。
He has made a decision to give up drinking.
16. to one’s surprise令某人惊奇的是
      to one’s +抽象名词 令某人……的是
      to one’s happiness
      to one’s sadness
      to one’s joy
      令他们高兴的是，他们小组赢了比赛。
      To their happiness, their team won the game.
       今他伤心的是，没有人和他说话。
      To his sadness, nobody talked to him.     
17. even though
用法点睛：引导让步状语从句，同even if。
He decided to go on with the experiment even though he knew it was dangerous.
Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get there.
Even though he has lived here for 2 years, he doesn’t know the city very well.
在课堂上你应当将注意力集中在老师身上。
You should pay attention to your teacher in class.
 He sat down at his desk and turned his attention to the newspaper.
他的注意力不在书上。
His attention is not on the book.
18. no longer
    =not… any longer
It’s no longer a secret.
=It isn’t a secret any longer.
They no longer/more live here.
=They don’t live here any longer/more.
19. take pride in
=be proud of
我们为他所做的事感到骄傲。
We take pride in what he did.
他的父母总是以他为自豪。
His parents always take pride in him.
20. attention n.注意；专心；留心
用法点睛：
pay attention to
turn one’s attention to
Somebody’s attention is on sb./sth.
某人的注意力在某事物/人身上。
21. give up
      其后接动词时，需用ing形式。
Try hard and never give up!
A good  teacher shouldn’t give up any student.
他爸爸过去经常抽烟很多，但现在已戒掉了。
His father used to smoke a lot, but now he has given it up. （given up smoking)