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2014高考英语知识大串讲-第6讲
作者:佚名    文章来源:转载    点击数:1313    更新时间:2014/5/10         ★★★

6

一、Language points

1.      keep a record of

keep records of

break/beat the record for/in+比赛项目

hold/keep the record of

set (up) the world record for/in+比赛项目

set up a new world record

make a record/make records

play/put on a record

2.             sb/sth=be satisfied with sb/sth

    satisfy  one’s desires/hunger/thirst

           the conditions

to one’s satisfaction

adj.: satisfying, satisfied, satisfactory

3.      treat  a disease

          sb

treat sb/oneself (to sth)

This is my treat.

Dutch treat

4.      explain/whisper sth to sb

=explain/whisper to sb sth

in a whisper=in whispers

5.      character: 性格,人物,汉字

characteristic: 特征,特点

6.      trouble sb to do

be troubled with

ask/look for trouble

get into trouble

be in trouble

get out of trouble

have trouble (in) doing sth

have trouble with sth

make trouble:闹事

take (the) trouble to do:尽力/设法做

put sb to the trouble of doing:麻烦某人做

7.  turn on            turn off

turn in            give/hand out

turn up           turn down

turn around/round       

turn away

turn over

turn back

turn out (to be)

turn to sb/sth

7.      only if…: 只有,只要

                           had done──过去

    if only: 要是该多好+  did/were──现在

                           would/should do    将来

                           did/were          

2.      at one time=once

at times=sometimes

at all times=always

at a time=each time

for a time=for some time

at no time

at the same time

3.      supply sth to sb=supply sb with sth

provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth

offer sb sth=offer sth to sb

4.      have a habit of doing

form/develop the habit of

be in the habit of

5.      face the music: 临危不惧

play music=perform music

6.      more than: 不仅仅,超过

more than one+n.()+V():不止一个

  More than one student likes this film.

more than+n/adj: 远非,不仅仅是

  Bamboo is used for more than building.

no more than: 只有,仅仅

not more than=at (the) most: 最多,不超过

more…than…:与其说不如说

  The man is more brave than wise.

14.  the next time时间名词短语用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,此外,the first time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second

二、语法专题──动词和动词短语的考点

1. 动词和动词短语的考查重点是放在特定语境中的辨析

2. 几组常考的动词短语

1. get along:离开,进展,继续

  get across:越过,使让人理解

  get away:逃走,逃避,得以离开

  get back:回来,取回

  get down:记下,吞下

  get off:下车(飞机),下班

  get on:上车

  get in:上车,收割,到站,插话

  get up:起床,站起,()变猛烈

  get through(电话)接通,通过,用完,完成

  get together:聚会,收集

2. take away:拿走,带走,消除(病痛等),减去

  take down:取下,记下,拆掉,吞下,病倒

  take out:拔掉,切除,带(某人)出去,获得

  take off:脱掉,起飞,成功

  take up:占据(时间或空间),以作为爱好或消遣,从事

3. break away (from): 逃掉,脱离,改掉

  break down:出故障,失败,中断

  break in:突然进来,插嘴

  break into:强行进入,插嘴

  break out:突然发生,爆发

  break up:解散,结束,破裂,绝交

4. come about:发生

  come across(偶然)遇见

  come on(upon):偶然碰见,出现

  come on:来吧,快点,加油

  come along:一道去

  come in:到来,进来,上市

  come out:出来,出版,有结果

  come over:来访,产生

  come round:来访,到来

  come to:来到,合计,苏醒,谈到

5. pick out:挑选,找出

  pick up:拿起,捡起,收拾,学会;(用车)来接,去取:

          改进,改善,重新开始,继续,感染(疾病,坏习惯)

6. give away:赠,送,泄露,出卖

  give back:归还,送回

  give in:屈服,让步,投降

  give off:发出(蒸汽,光等)

  give out:分发,耗尽,筋疲力尽,发出(气味,热等)

  give up:放弃

7. cut down:砍倒,削减,压缩

  cut in:插入,插话,插队

  cut off:切断,隔断,断绝

  cut out:剪成,戒掉

 

8. make…into(out of)…:使成为(变成)…

  make…of(from)…:由制成…(多用被动式)

  make for:往去,有助于

  make it:及时赶到,成功,做成

  make out:理解,看清,填写,假装

  make up:构成,编写,编造,和解,弥补,凑足,准备好

9. look about/around:环顾四周,四处看

  look after:照顾,照料

  look at:看,注视

  look down on/upon:看不起

  look for:寻找

  look forward to:期盼(to为介词)

  look into:调查

  look like:看起来像,似乎要

  look out:向外看,当心,找出

  look over:审阅,翻阅,检查

  look through:翻看,浏览

  look to:注意,负责

  look up:查阅,看望

  look up to:尊敬

11. bring about:引起,导致

   bing back:送还,带回,使想起

   bring down:降低(温度,价格)

   bring on:带来,引起

   bring out:取出,显示出,衬托出,出版,推出(作品)

   bring through:使渡过(困难,危机)

   bring up:提出,培养,呕吐

12. call at:访问(某地)

   call away:叫走,转移(注意力)

   call back:唤回,回电话

   call for:去取(某物),去接(某人),要求,号召

   call in:叫来,召集

   call off:叫走,转移开,取消

   call on:造访(某人)

   call (up) on sb to do sth:叫(请)某人做某事,号召某人做某事

   call out:大声叫(喊)

   call up:(给)打电话

14. go back:回去,回顾,回溯

   go by:(从)旁边经过,(时间、机会)过去,以为依据

   go down:下落,下降,减弱

   go in for:参加(考试,比赛),从事(职业),爱好

   go into:到达,进入,从事,调查

   go out:出去,出国,熄灭

   go over:复习,演习,检查

   go through:通过,检查,审查,查找,经历,做完,用完

   go up:上升,上涨

15. hold back:阻止,忍住

   hold out:支持,坚持

   hold to:抓紧,坚持

   hold up:竖起,阻碍,延误

   catch/get/seize/take hold of:抓住

   keep hold of:抓住,握住

16. put away:收拾,放弃,打消,存蓄

   put down:放下,写下,使下车,镇压

   put off:推迟,推脱,使不高兴

   put on:穿,戴,上演,装(样子),开(电、灯),增加

   put out:扑灭,生产,发表,使不高兴

   put up:举起,撑起,架起,张贴

17. set about:开始或着做某事(+n./doing

   set out:动身,开始,想要(+to do

   set up:建立,创立,树立

三、题型归纳──交际型单项填空

英语交际型试题主要考查社会交往中一些常用的日常交际用语,考查方式多以应答为主,提问为辅,并以跨文化交际中中英交际文化差异明显的交际项目为重点对象。主要包括对请求、建议的回答,对祝愿的回答,对道歉的回答,对感谢、观点的回答。

1. ----Help yourself to some apples and grapes, please.   ----_____.

A. Yes, of course          B. Thank you

C. That’s right             D. Yes, I will.

2. ----Many happy returns of the day!   ----____.

A. The same to you     B. Me, too           

C. Thank you       D. Don’t be polite

3. ----I’m sorry but I didn’t mean to break it.   ----_____.

A. Why not be careful         C. Why so careless

C. Be careful next time              D. You’re too foolish

4. ----Thank you for your help.   ----_____.

A. With pleasure          B. No, thanks

C. It’s my pleasure       D. I didn’t help you much

5. ----Bruce works very hard.   ----_____.

A. So he does              B. So does he

C. It’s the same with you    D. So you do

6. ----Are you sure it’s going to snow this weekend?    ----_____.

A. I don’t think                  B. I think not so

C. I don’t think about it      D. I don’t think so

7. ----How do you like your Chinese teacher?    ---_____.

A. He is very kind B. Yes, I like him very much

C. No, I dislike him     D. He is much better now

8. ----I’ll be away for a few days. Would you mind looking after my dog?     ----Not at all._______.

A. I’d rather not          B. I’d be glad to

C. I have no time         D. I’d like it

9. ---Hey, look where you are going!   ----Oh, I’m terribly sorry.____.

A. I’m not noticing      B. I wasn’t noticing

C. I haven’t noticed     D. I don’t notice

10. ----How often do you eat out?  ----____, but usually once a week.

A. Have no idea           B. It depends

C. As usually        D. Generally speaking

11. ----Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?

   ----_____. I love getting close to nature.

A. I couldn’t agree more     B. I’m afraid not

C. I believe not                   D. I don’t think so

12. ----Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.

   ----____ Have you got the first prize in the competition?

A. What for? B. Thanks a lot.    C. Yes, I’d like to  D. Why not?

13. ----Now, where is my purse? ----_____!We’ll be late for the picnic.

A. Take your time B. Don’t worry     C. Come on  D. Take it easy

14. ----Excuse me, could you tell me the time?

   ----Sorry. I don’t have a watch with me.

   ----_____.

A. It’s a pity                       B. Thanks a lot    

C. I’m sorry to hear that.           D. Thanks anyway.

15. ----Do you think I could borrow your bike?   ----______.

A. Yes, you may borrow             B. Yes, you could

C. Yes, help yourself                  D. Yes, go on

1-5 BCCCA   6-10 DABBB 11-15 AACDC

 

 

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