2014年高考英语山东卷考试说明样题及答案

第一部分 英语知识运用

第一节  单项填空

1. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.

A. providing             B. provided           C. having provided              D. provide

2. I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it ______ pretty good.

A. has been                     B. was                  C. had been                       D. would be

3. — Are you going to take part in the speech contest?

— _______ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.

A. No problem!              B. That’s for sure.              C. why me?                 D. Why bother?

4. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _______.

A. whoever                     B. wherever                C. whatever                 D. however

5. It doesn’t matter _______ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

A. how                           B. whether                  C. what                       D. why

6. Mark needs to learn Chinese        his company is opening a branch in Beijing.

A. unless              B. until                       C. although                       D. since

7. If we        adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.

A. haven’t made     B. wouldn’t make              C. didn’t make                    D. hadn’t made

8. There is no simple answer,        is often the case in science.

A. as                     B. that                        C. when                      D. where

第二节  完形填空

例一

In 1999, Ryan Hreljac and Jimmy Akana became pen pals. Their lives could not have been more   1  . Ryan lived with his family in Kemptville, Canada, while Jimmy, an orphan, lived in Agweo, Uganda. Jimmy’s life was in constant   2   because rebel troops would raid his village. Fate, and Ryan’s   3   to help others, brought the pals together.

When Ryan was 6, he   4   that millions of people in Africa did not have access to clean water. He decided to   5   that. To raise money, Ryan did chores for four months. He earned $70, but that was not   6   to build even one well. “I realized that I couldn’t raise $ 2,000 by doing chores,” he told TFK. “So I started doing public speaking.” To date, the Ryan’s Well Foundation has built 238 wells in 11 countries. “We’ve   7   almost 400,000 people and raised $ 1.5 million,” Ryan says.

The foundation’s first well was built in Agweo, where Jimmy lived. The boys met in 2000, when Ryan traveled to Uganda. “We had a   8   from the beginning,” says Jimmy of that meeting. The Hreljac family   9   Jimmy and brought him to live in their home. Ryan, 15, and Jimmy, 17, speak to communities and schools all over the world about the   10   of having clean drinking water.

1. A. different                    B. difficult                   C. brilliant          D. important

2. A. danger                         B. absence                   C. evidence           D. decline

3. A. determination                     B. duty                        C. guidance          D. burden

4. A. learned                        B. estimated                C. hoped               D. commanded

5. A. change                        B. move                      C. compete           D. create  

6. A. enough                        B. supposed                 C. usual                D. equal

7. A. helped                         B. touched                   C. removed           D. examined

8. A. connection                  B. story                      C. focus                D. fortune

9. A. adopted                       B. informed                 C. pleased             D. purchased

10. A. importance                B. future                     C. habit                D. history

例二

I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling   1  , but I always knew he was  special.

Dad’s always been very   2  . At 15, I started a magazine. It was   3   a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a   4  : stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision, as any good father would.  When he realized I had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad   5    me to go into law.  And I’ve always regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist,   6    I didn’t pursue my   7  . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.” As   8    turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national   9   for young people in the U.K. 

My wife and I have two children, and I’d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad   10   me.

1.     A. teacher                    B. manager                  C. lawyer              D. gardener

2.     A. understanding                B. experienced             C. serious             D. demanding

3.    A. taking up                       B. making up               C. picking up        D. keeping up

4.     A. suggestion              B. decision                  C. notice              D. choice

5.     A. helped                     B. allowed                   C. persuaded                D. suggested

6.     A. rather                      B. but                          C. for                   D. therefore

7.     A. promise                   B. task                                C. belief               D. dream

8.     A. this                                B. he                           C. it                     D. that

9.     A. newspaper               B. magazine                       C. program           D. project

10.   A. controlled               B. comforted               C. reminded                 D. raised
例三

I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people    1   I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a    2    person.

I think my   3    started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my   4    and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever   5    to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really   6   . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n)   7   . I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I   8   to help. That was really a big   9   for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of   10   are still my best friends today.

A bigger cause of my new   11  , however, came when I took a part-time job at Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer’s disease became my   12  . Every time I came into her room, she was so  13   because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never   14   her, so I took her place. She let me   15   that making others feel good made me feel good too. When she died, I was   16  , but I was also very grateful to her.

I think I am a much   17  person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not   18   these experiences. They have   19   me to care about other people more than about myself. I   20   who I am today, and I could not say that a few years ago. 

1. A. since                  B. before              C. or                         D. unless

2. A. famous             B. simple           C. different                  D. skilled

3. A. education          B. career             C. tour                     D. change

4. A. balance              B. homework              C. degree                       D. interest

5. A. talked               B. wrote             C. lied                         D. reported

6. A. careful             B. lonely                  C. curious                D. guilty

7. A. argument                 B. game             C. experiment                     D. defence

8. A. dared                       B. offered             C. hesitated                       D. happened

9. A. dream                B. problem                C. duty                      D. step

10. A. us                    B. which             C. them                  D. whom

11. A. attitude                 B. hobby             C. hope                     D. luck

12. A. friend                B. partner            C. guide                 D. guest

13. A. polite               B. happy            C. strange                 D. confident

14. A. bothered            B. answered               C. visited                D. trusted

15. A. explain                  B. guess                  C. declare               D. see

16. A. homeless         B. heartbroken           C. bad-tempered        D. hopeless

17. A. quieter                  B. busier            C. better                    D. richer

18. A. forget                B. face                  C. improve                  D. analyze

19. A. forced             B. preferred        C. ordered                  D. taught

20. A. miss              B. like             C. wonder                  D. expect

例四

There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the   1   home from work in the evenings. A man will be   2   the newspaper, and seconds later it   3   as if he is trying to   4   it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger   5   next to him.   6   place where unplanned short sleep   7   is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring (打鼾) so   8   that the professor has to ask another student to   9   the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing (尴尬) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the   10   of the head pushes the arm off the   11  , and the movement carries the   12   of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no   13   of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when   14  . Police reports are full of   15   that occur when people fall into sleep and go   16   the road. If the drivers are   17  , they are not seriously hurt. One woman’s car,  18  , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of   19   and thought it was raining. When people are really   20  , nothing will stop them from falling asleep—no matter where they are.

1.A. way                B. track                  C. path                  D. road

2.A. buying             B. folding                C. delivering             D. reading

3.A. acts                B. shows                 C. appears                D. sounds

4.A. open                     B. eat                   C. find                   D. finish

5.A. lying                     B. waiting               C. talking                        D. sitting

6.A. Next               B. Every                C. Another               D. One

7.A. goes on                   B. ends up              C. lasts                          D. returns

8.A. bravely              B. happily                C. loudly                   D. carelessly

9.A. leave               B. shake                C. keep                   D. watch

10.A. size               B. shape                 C. weight                D. strength

11.A. cushion                  B. desk                  C. shoulder               D. book

12.A. action              B. position                    C. rest                    D. side

13.A. memory           B. reason                      C. question               D. purpose

14.A. thinking         B. working             C. walking                       D. driving

15.A. changes          B. events                C. ideas                    D. accidents

16.A. up                B. off                   C. along                     D. down

17.A. lucky                    B. awake                 C. calm                    D. strong

18.A. in time            B. at first               C. as usual                 D. for example

19.A. dust                     B. water                 C. grass                    D. bush

20.A. tired              B. drunk                 C. lonely                         D. lazy

第二部分 阅读理解

例一

Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job. 

One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy agreed.

Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt. One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed looks on their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed?” Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” he thought to himself.

Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy’s surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.

 “Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into this office. I just know you’d be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.

1. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?

A. He was out of work.                              B. He was bored with his job.

C. He wanted a higher position.                 D. He hoped to find a better boss.

2. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview?

A. A friend’s car had a flat tyre.                 B. A wild man was pushing a car.

C. A terrible car accident happened.           D. An old man’s car broke down.

3. Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride?

A. He was also to be interviewed.                    B. He needed a travelling companion.

C. He always helped people in need.           D. He was thankful to Jimmy.

4. How did Jimmy feel on hearing the interviewer’s question?

A. He was sorry for the other applicants.

B. There was no hope for him to get the job.

C. He regretted helping the old man.

D. The interviewer was very rude.

5. What can we learn from Jimmy’s experience?

A. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.        B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

C. Good is rewarded with good.                  D. Two heads are better than one.

例二

Arthur Miller (1915-2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller’s father had moved to the USA from Austria-Hungary, drawn like so many others by the ‘Great American Dream.’ However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.

Miller’s most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. Willy is ‘burnt out’ and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he can’t do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.

When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.

Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.

1.    Why did Arthur Miller’s father move to the USA?

A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.

B. He was attracted by the ‘Great American Dream.’

C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.

D. His family business failed.

2.    The play Death of a Salesman ______.

A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world

B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company

C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller

D. focuses on the skills in doing business

3.    What can we learn about Willy Loman?

A. He treats his employer badly.       

B. He runs the Wagner Company.

C. He is a victim of the American system.      

D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.

4. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman _______.

A. achieved huge success

B. won the first Tony Award

C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen

D. was severely attacked by dramatists

5.    What is the text mainly about?

A. Arthur Miller and his family.               B. The awards Arthur Miller won.

C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.     D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play.

例三

Sparrow is a fast-food chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. Although Sparrow showed no sign of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more and more fast-food concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.

Sparrow failed to grow for another two years, until a new CEO, Carl Pearson, decided to build up its market share. He did a survey, which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fast-food chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign.

Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand. The chain’s owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcy’s restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers’ spending power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea.

The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fast-food industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.

Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new Sparrow image. For example, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业额).

These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fast-food chains in the regions where it operated.

1. Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO?

A. Most of its restaurants were closed.              B. The number of its customers was declining.

C. It was in need of financial support.       D. Its customers found the food unhealthy.

2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Customers of other fast-food chains.                  B. Sparrow restaurants.

C. Customers of Sparrow restaurants.                    D. Other fast-food chains.

3. For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?

A. To build a good relationship with the public.

B. To stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.

C. To learn about customers’ spending power.

D. To meet the challenge from Marcy’s restaurants.

4. The TV ads of Sparrow _______.

A. changed people’s views on pop stars

B. amused the public with original songs

C. focused on the superiority of its products

D. influenced the eating habits of the audience

5. What was Pearson’s achievement as a CEO?

A. He managed to pay off Sparrow’s debts.

B. He made Sparrow much more competitive.

C. He helped Sparrow take over a company.

D. He improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.

第三部分 书面表达

第一节  阅读表达

例一

[1] Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”

[2] So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called GooseHead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.

[3] After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called “All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stressed. I mean, I was only sixteen—I didn’t even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, you’d be stressed, too!”

[4] In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And don’t listen when            , because I heard ‘no’ a lot. Just keep going until you hear ‘yes’!”

1. For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead? (no more than 10 words)

2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? (no more than 6 words)

3. According to paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down? (no more than 10 words)

4. How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company? (no more than 5 words)

5. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.

例二

[1] When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home, Cuddles is never far away. When he wants to go outside, he doesn’t take Cuddles out for walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk. Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.

[2] When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn’t bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.

[3] Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horses possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean, friendly, smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all, they live for 25-35 years, which would enable Shaw to have the same guide companion for most or all of his life.

[4] Shaw immediately applied to be and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.

[5] Through training, Shaw and Cuddles learned to find way on busy streets, step over curbs（便道沿儿）and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even demonstrated（显示）its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him, to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation. The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.

1. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “miniature” in Paragraph 1?(no more than 2 words)

2. Why didn’t Shaw want to choose a dog as his guide? (no more than 15 words)

3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? (no more than 10 words)

4. How does Shaw feel about his future life with the help of Cuddles? (no more than 10 words)

5. In your opinion, what is the ideal relationship between man and animals? (no more than 20 words)

例三

[1] Jean Paul Getty was born in 1892 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He became a millionaire when he was only 24. His father was wealthy, but he did not help his son. Getty made his millions alone. He made his money from oil. He owned Getty Oil and over 100 other companies. The Fortune magazine once called Getty “the richest man in the world.”

[2] But money __________________. He married five times and divorced five times. He had five children but spent little time with them. None of Getty’s children had very happy lives.

[3] Getty loved to make money and loved to save it. In spite of his great wealth, Getty was a miser. Every evening, he wrote down every cent he spent that day. He even put pay telephones in the guests’ bedrooms in his house so he could save money on phone bills.

[4] In 1973, kidnappers took his 16-year-old grandson, and demanded a large amount of money for his safe return. Getty’s son asked his father for money to save his child. But Getty refused. The kidnappers were merciless and Getty’s son made repeated requests for help from his father. Finally, Getty agreed to lend the money, but at 4 percent interest.

[5] Getty started a museum at his home in Malibu, California. He bought many important and beautiful pieces of art for the museum. When Getty died in 1976, the value of the collection in the museum was $1 billion. He left all his money to the museum. After his death, the museum grew in size. Today it is one of the most important museums in the United States. Getty made a large fortune in his life, but he gave his money to the art world because he wanted people to learn about and love art.

1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? (no more than 8 words)

2. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 7 words)

3. Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3.

4. What did the kidnappers do to Getty’s family? (no more than 10 words)

5. What does the author want to tell us about Getty in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)

例四

[1]It is now possible to watch live sport on television on any day of the week, and the current amount of reporting will undoubtedly increase further in years to come. This is certainly having an influence on the live sports events themselves, and there are both benefits and shortcomings to this.

[2]Why has there been such growth in televised sport? For one thing, with digital broadcasting, there are now many more TV channels than there were even ten years ago. Moreover, sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing to both men and women.

[3]What are the benefits of this state of affairs? One obvious advantage to the profession is the addition of money provided by television companies. Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries. Less popular sports also receive money that can be used in training and awareness-raising. What’s more, there is a health benefit to some of the population, because through televised sport, more people have become interested in actually playing sport.

[4]However,                  if so much sport is on television. Considering football again, many small clubs have suffered financial losses recently, as they cannot compete with the large ones. There has been a general falling in ticket sales, especially among smaller clubs. Fewer people attend live matches nowadays, preferring to watch from the comfort of their living room. And ticket prices have risen greatly.

[5]To sum up, while televised sport has created many opportunities and benefited certain people and clubs very much, it has also been responsible for changing the nature of live sports events for ever.

1. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)

2. Complete the following statement with words from Paragraph 2.(no more than 3 words)

There has been a great increase in TV channels in the past few years with the help of_____________.

3. Point out the advantage of televised sport which does not concern money in Paragraph3. (no more than 3 words)　　

4. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 6 words)　

5. What does the word “it” (Line2, Paragraph5) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)

第二节  写作

根据题目的提示和要求，用英语写一篇120~150个单词的短文。

题型示例略。

参考答案：

第一部分 英语知识运用

第一节  单项填空   1—5 BBBAB      6—8 DDA

第二节      完形填空 

  例一：1—5 AAAAA　　　6—10 AAAAA

例二：1—5 CAADC      6—10 BDCBD （根据05高考山东卷完形改编）

例三：1—5 BCDCA   6—10 BCBDC   11—15 AABCD   16—20 BCADB （2013高考山东卷）

例四：1—5 ADCBD   6—10  CACBC  11-15 BCADD  16—20 BADBA(2011年高考全国卷) 

第二部分 阅读理解

例一：1—5 ADDBC（2013山东卷A）

例二：1—5 BACAD（2011山东卷A）

例三：1—5 CDABB(2013山东卷D)

第三部分 书面表达

第一节  阅读表达

例一：(2012山东卷阅读表达)

1.She wanted to create an interesting website for teenagers.

2.Ashley’s GooseHead was a big success.

3.She wrote a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life.

4.She felt happy but stressed.

5.People tell you that you can’t do it.

例二：（2010天津卷阅读表达）

1. Tiny \Little\small\Very small.
2. A dog's life is short and Shaw could not bear to part with it.
3.The Tiny, horses possess have many good qualities to guide people.
On the Tiny horses possess\ have many qualities to be ideal guides,
4. He feels that his future life will he better/easier,
5. They should be good friends and help each other,
Or: They should get along as friends and take care of each other.

例三：（2013山东卷阅读表达）

1.Getty made a large fortune himself. 

本题考查段落的主旨大意。由本段后面部分可知本段主要大意为Getty自己创造了大量财富。

2.didn’t make his family happy / didn’t bring a happy family 

从下文可知Getty的家庭与孩子都不幸福。

3.Although Getty had a lot of money, he was a mean person. 

根据上下文语境可推断出miser意思为吝啬的，小气的。

4.They took Getty’s grandson and demanded a lot of money 

 对文章内容进行总结可得出答案，答案符合文章意思即可。

5.He made a great contribution to the local art. 

例四：

1. Advantages and disadvantages of televised sport 

2. digital broadcasting 

3. A health benefit 

4. There are/will be(some)disadvantages 

5. televised sport 

第二节  写作