第12讲

一、Language points

二、语法专题──状语从句的考点

高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在成分的省略，时态的替代，语序的倒装以及连词的辨析四在方面。

1. 成分的省略

①在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果主语是it或与主句的主语一致，且谓语动词含有be时，可把从句的主语和be一起省略。

Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.

Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible.

②在比较状语从句中，可省略与主句相同的部分。

I know you more than he (knows you).

Tom is two years older than Alice (is).

③as(尽管)引导让步状语从句，表语前的冠词要省略。

Hero as he is, he has shortcomings.

④其他省略。

Please drop in any time you like.

Is it going to rain? If so, I’ll stay at home; but if not, we will go out.

2. 时态的替代

①在时间、条件和让步状语从句中须用一般现在时替代一般将来时，用一般过去时替代过去将来时。

If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go fishing.

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

②The more…the more…句型中，前句起“条件状语从句”作用，故用现在时表将来。

The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.

③after, before, as soon as等连词本身就暗示了时间的先后，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，而不会产生时间上的混乱。

I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework.

The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived.

He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory.

3. 语序的倒装

①no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…句型中的主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时，且置于句首时主句要倒装。

No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.

②so/such…that…, not until…置于句首时主句要倒装。

So angry did she feel that she couldn’t speak.

Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened.

4. 连词的辨析。根据上下文的语意推断属于哪种状语从句，然后选择连词。

三、题型归纳——完形填空的解题要决五

把握文章脉络，识别句式特点。①把握文章脉络，偏重观点、态度，慎边读边做。我们在通通览全文的基础上，要从整体上把握文脉，找出完形填空短文的主题大意，作者的观点、态度，文章展开的线索等信息。②学好语法知识，积累句型句式。尽管高考淡化语法，注重情景，但是扎实的语法功底，良好的语感对于完形填空题是大有帮助的。

例1：It was pouring outside. We all stood there____, some patiently, others annoyed  because  nature messed up their hurried day. I got lost in the sound and sight of the…

A. chatting           B. waiting            C. complaining     D. talking

[分析]细读全文可知，语境为外面下着倾盆大雨，我们站在那里在等雨停下来，不是在干其他事情。

例2： “Tonight was supposed to be____---- to celebrate six months. You do remember we’re engaged, don’t you?”

A. normal             B. sleepless    C. special              D. sad

[分析]本篇文章谈论一对情侣的经历，该题易误选B，认为会激动得睡不着，但是结合语境可知，要庆祝订婚六个月，所以今晚应具有特殊意义。

例3：The story____ to be this: George bought a lottery ticket(彩票) a few days ago and won a prize of $500,000.

A. turned up  B. turned out C. turned down     D. turned off

[分析]考查常见句式。句意：故事证明是这样的：乔治几天前买了彩票获奖50万美元。turn out to be “结果是，证明是”，表示结果出乎意料之外，四个选项中只有turn out可接to be。

例4：Ellsworth, a patient who had suffered several failures in business, did not show much interest in painting at first. But____ the weeks went by, Swain’s visits grew more  frequently .

A. as             B. with          C. since         D. had to

[分析]分析语境可知，此处意为“随着时间一周一周过去”。此处不可填with，因为with后不接句子。As time went by “随着时间推移”，为我们所熟知的句式。

For some time I’ve had a church member provide me with a rose to pin on my suit every Sunday. __1__ I always got a flower on Sunday morning, I really did not__2__ much of it. It was a nice gesture that became__3__. One Sunday, however, what I considered__4__ became very special.

       As I was leaving the Sunday service, a little boy__5__ and said, “Sir, what are you going to do with your flower?” “Do you__6__ this?” I said, pointing to the rose pinned to my coat.

       He said, “Yes sir. I would like it if you are__7__ going to throw it away.” The little boy said, “Sir, I’m going to give it to my granny. My mother and father got_8__ last year. I was living with my mother, but I could not__9__, so she sent me to live with my grandmother. She has been so good to me that I want to give that pretty flower to her for__10__ me.”

       When the little boy finished I could hardly__11__. My eyes filled with tears and I knew I had been touched in the__12__ of my soul. I reached up and__13__ my flower. With the flower in my hand, I looked at the boy and said, “Son, that is the__14__ thing I have ever heard, but you can’t have this flower because it’s not__15__. If you’ll look in front of the platform, you’ll see a big__16__ of flowers. Different families buy them for the__17__ each week. Please take those flowers to your granny because she__18__ the very best.”

       If I hadn’t been__19__ enough already, he made one last statement and I will always treasure it. He said, “What a__20__ day! I asked for one flower but got a beautiful bouquet.”

1. A. Because        B. Although  C. If                     D. Once

2. A. speak                   B. think         C. remind             D. care

3. A. rule                     B. practice            C. custom             D. routine

4. A. valuable       B. useless             C. ordinary           D. normal

5. A. approached        B. stopped            C. interrupted       D. followed

6. A. notice                  B. see            C. like           D. mean

7. A. always          B. just           C. ever          D. already

8. A. divorced              B. lost           C. disturbed   D. troubled

9. A. stand                   B. understand       C. stay           D. help

10. A. comforting B. adopting           C. supporting D. loving

11. A. move          B. speak        C. breathe             D. refuse

12. A. depths        B. back          C. bottom             D. corner

13. A. uncovered          B. unloaded   C. unpinned  D. unwrapped

14. A. sweetest            B. nicest        C. saddest             D. strangest

15. A. real                    B. fresh         C. expensive  D. enough

16. A. pile                    B. bouquest   C. collection  D. chain

17. A. relatives             B. old            C. poor          D. church

18. A. deserves             B. proves              C. sounds             D. matches

19. A. challenged         B. surprised   C. touched            D. taught

20. A. sunny         B. special              C. lucky        D. wonderful

1-5 ABDCA   6-10 DBACD 11-15 BACBD      16-20 BDACD